MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) is a key instrument aboard the Terra and Aqua satellites, launched by NASA in 1999 and 2002 respectively. MODIS is used to measure and monitor various Earth system processes, including land cover and land use change, vegetation health, sea surface temperature, atmospheric aerosols, and cloud properties. Its moderate resolution allows for global coverage every 1-2 days, making it a valuable tool for climate and environmental research. MODIS data is freely available to the public and has been used in a wide range of applications, from studying wildfires and deforestation to monitoring urban heat islands and tracking hurricanes.