Lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries are a type of rechargeable battery that uses lithium as the anode and sulfur as the cathode. These batteries have garnered attention in recent years due to their high theoretical energy density, which is significantly greater than that of conventional lithium-ion batteries. However, there are still challenges to overcome, such as sulfur's low electrical conductivity and the formation of lithium polysulfide species during the charging and discharging processes, which can cause capacity fade and decrease the battery's overall performance. Research in the field of Li-S batteries is focused on developing new materials, electrolytes, and cell designs to improve the battery's stability, energy density, and cycle life. This research area holds promise for the development of next-generation energy storage technologies for applications such as electric vehicles and grid storage.