1. National Institutes of Health (NIH): The NIH is the primary agency of the United States government responsible for biomedical and public health research. It is made up of 27 different Institutes and Centers that each focus on specific areas of research, such as cancer, infectious diseases, and mental health. 2. Max Planck Institutes: The Max Planck Society is a network of research institutes in Germany that focus on various fields of science, including biology, chemistry, physics, and social sciences. The Max Planck Institutes are known for their excellence in research and have produced numerous groundbreaking discoveries. 3. Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI): WHOI is a private, non-profit research institution dedicated to ocean science and exploration. Located in Massachusetts, WHOI conducts research on a wide range of topics related to the oceans, including marine biology, geology, and climate change. 4. Pasteur Institute: The Pasteur Institute is a French non-profit research organization dedicated to the study of infectious diseases and microbiology. Founded by Louis Pasteur in 1887, the institute is known for its contributions to the development of vaccines and treatments for diseases such as rabies, tuberculosis, and HIV. 5. Broad Institute: The Broad Institute is a collaborative research organization based in Cambridge, Massachusetts, that focuses on genomics and biomedical research. It is a partnership between Harvard University and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, as well as several other institutions, and conducts research on a wide range of topics, including cancer, psychiatric disorders, and infectious diseases. Overall, these research institutes play a vital role in advancing scientific knowledge and driving innovation in their respective fields of study.