Hypersonics is a research area focused on the study of high-speed flight at speeds exceeding five times the speed of sound (Mach 5). This field encompasses the development of advanced propulsion systems, aerodynamics, materials, and thermal protection technologies to enable vehicles to sustain hypersonic speeds and maneuver in the hypersonic flight regime. Hypersonics research is essential for military applications such as hypersonic missiles and space vehicles, as well as for civilian applications in aerospace engineering, transportation, and atmospheric sciences.