Heparin is a highly sulfated glycosaminoglycan that is commonly used as an anticoagulant medication. It works by inhibiting the activity of various clotting factors in the blood, thereby preventing the formation of blood clots. Heparin is derived from animal sources, such as pig intestines or cow lungs, and is also produced synthetically. Research in the area of heparin focuses on developing new formulations and delivery methods for this important medication, as well as understanding its mechanism of action and potential side effects. Additionally, researchers are investigating the use of heparin in other medical applications, such as in the treatment of cancer, inflammation, and viral infections. Overall, heparin research plays a crucial role in advancing our understanding of blood clotting mechanisms and developing new treatments for various medical conditions.