Hematopoiesis is the process by which the body produces blood cells, specifically red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. This complex process occurs in the bone marrow and involves the differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells into specialized blood cells. Hematopoiesis plays a critical role in maintaining the body's immune system and oxygen transportation. Research in this area focuses on understanding the molecular mechanisms that regulate hematopoiesis, as well as how abnormalities in this process can lead to blood disorders such as leukemia and anemia.