Glycolysis is a metabolic pathway that converts glucose into pyruvate, generating ATP and NADH as energy sources for the cell. This process occurs in the cytoplasm of cells and is the first step in both aerobic and anaerobic respiration. Glycolysis plays a crucial role in various physiological processes, including energy production, carbohydrate metabolism, and cell growth. Dysregulation of glycolysis has been linked to various diseases, such as cancer, diabetes, and neurodegenerative disorders. Researchers are studying glycolysis to understand its regulatory mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets for treating metabolic disorders.