Germination is the process by which a seed begins to sprout and grow into a young plant. It is a critical stage in the life cycle of plants, as it marks the transition from a dormant seed to an actively growing organism. Germination is influenced by numerous factors, such as temperature, water availability, light exposure, and the presence of nutrients. Research in this area seeks to understand the molecular and physiological mechanisms involved in germination, as well as how environmental cues and stressors can impact this process. By studying germination, researchers aim to improve crop yields, develop more resilient plant varieties, and better understand the fundamental biology of plants.