Flotation is a process used in the mining industry to separate valuable minerals from ore. It involves physically separating particles by attaching them to air bubbles and floating them to the surface of a liquid solution, where they can be collected and removed. Flotation is a critical step in mineral processing and is used to concentrate ores for further processing. It is a complex process that relies on the differences in surface properties of the minerals being separated. Researchers in this area study the fundamentals of flotation, as well as new technologies and techniques to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of the process.