Faults are fractures in the Earth's crust along which there has been movement. These movements can range from small slips to major displacements, and they can occur in both horizontal and vertical directions. Faults are a common geological feature and play a significant role in the development of earthquakes, as they are often the source of seismic activity. Scientists study faults to better understand the processes that lead to their formation, how they behave under different conditions, and how they can impact landscapes and human infrastructure. Understanding faults is crucial for hazard assessment, disaster preparedness, and land use planning in earthquake-prone regions.