Extinction refers to the complete loss of a species, group, or population of organisms. This can occur naturally through evolutionary processes or as a result of human activities such as habitat destruction, pollution, climate change, and overhunting. Extinction research seeks to understand the causes and consequences of extinction events, as well as develop strategies to prevent or mitigate future extinctions. This field encompasses a wide range of disciplines, including ecology, evolutionary biology, conservation biology, and paleontology. By studying extinction, scientists can better understand the complex interactions between species and their environments, and work towards preserving biodiversity and preventing further loss of species.