Dryland research focuses on understanding and studying ecosystems that are characterized by limited water availability. These regions, which cover approximately 40% of the Earth's land surface, face unique challenges such as drought, desertification, and soil degradation. Researchers in this field explore topics such as the impacts of climate change on dryland ecosystems, strategies for sustainable land management, and the role of native vegetation in maintaining ecosystem health. Overall, dryland research seeks to better understand and address the environmental and socio-economic issues facing these arid and semi-arid regions.