Craters are depressions found on the surface of planets, moons, asteroids, and other celestial bodies that are formed by the impact of meteoroids, asteroids, or comets. The study of craters involves analyzing their size, shape, distribution, and formation processes to understand the history and geology of the planetary body. Researchers use various methods such as remote sensing, field studies, and laboratory experiments to investigate impact cratering and its implications on planetary evolution and dynamics. Understanding craters can provide insight into the history of impacts on a planetary body and the potential hazards they pose to future exploration missions.