Correlation is a statistical measure that indicates how two variables are related or connected to each other. It assesses the strength and direction of the relationship between two or more variables, helping researchers determine if there is a pattern or association between them. Correlation can be positive, indicating that as one variable increases, the other variable also increases, or negative, indicating that as one variable increases, the other variable decreases. Correlation analysis is a fundamental tool in research across various disciplines, such as psychology, economics, and sociology, to understand the relationships between different factors or variables in a study. It helps researchers make predictions, identify trends, and determine the degree of influence between variables.