Complexity theory is a branch of mathematics and computer science that studies the behavior and properties of complex systems. It focuses on understanding the inherent complexity of problems and systems, particularly in terms of how their structure and interactions influence their overall behavior. Complexity theory involves studying the patterns, relationships, and emergent properties that arise in systems with many interacting components. It seeks to identify the underlying principles that govern the behavior of complex systems, and to develop mathematical models and tools for analyzing and predicting their dynamics. Researchers in complexity theory study a wide range of systems, including biological systems, social networks, ecological systems, and artificial intelligence. They use techniques from mathematics, computer science, physics, biology, and other disciplines to explore the properties and behaviors of complex systems, and to develop new theoretical frameworks and methodologies for understanding and managing complexity.