Capnography is a medical monitoring technique that measures the concentration of carbon dioxide (CO2) in exhaled breath. It is commonly used in medical settings, such as operating rooms and emergency departments, to monitor a patient's respiratory status and ensure proper ventilation during procedures or while under anesthesia. Capnography provides real-time feedback on a patient's respiratory rate, amplitude, and carbon dioxide levels, helping healthcare providers assess lung function, detect respiratory abnormalities, and adjust ventilation as needed. The technology behind capnography has evolved over the years, with modern devices offering advanced features and capabilities to improve patient safety and outcomes.