Biogeography is a field of study that explores the distribution and diversity of living organisms across space and time. It combines principles and methods from biology, geography, and ecology to understand how biological populations are affected by factors such as climate change, geology, and human activity. Biogeographers study patterns of species distribution, migration, and evolution to better understand how and why certain species are found in specific regions. This research area plays a crucial role in conservation efforts and understanding the impacts of environmental changes on biodiversity.