Autism is a complex neurodevelopmental disorder that affects social interaction, communication, and behavior. It is characterized by challenges in social communication and interactions, repetitive behaviors, and limited interests or activities. Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) encompasses a wide range of symptoms and severity levels, and the exact cause of autism is unknown. Research in this area focuses on understanding the underlying factors contributing to autism, developing effective early interventions, and improving the quality of life for individuals with autism and their families. Studies also aim to identify genetic and environmental risk factors, explore potential biomarkers for early detection, and investigate the effectiveness of various treatment options, including behavioral therapy, medications, and educational interventions.