Authorization is the process of determining whether a user has the necessary privileges to access a particular resource or perform a specific action. It involves defining who is allowed to do what within a system and enforcing those rules to ensure that sensitive information and resources are protected. Authorization systems typically involve assigning roles or permissions to users based on their identity, job role, or other criteria. This helps to control access to data and functionality within a system, ensuring that only authorized individuals can perform certain actions or access certain information. Authorization is a critical component of security and access control in any system, as it helps to prevent unauthorized access and protect sensitive data from being compromised. It is often integrated with authentication systems to verify a user's identity before granting access to resources.