Architecture is the study and practice of designing and constructing buildings and structures. It encompasses the planning, design, and construction of various types of buildings, ranging from residential homes to large-scale commercial complexes. Architects use a combination of technical, artistic, and scientific knowledge to create functional and aesthetically pleasing structures that meet the needs of their clients and users. Architecture also involves considerations of sustainability, environmental impact, and societal needs. Research in architecture may focus on innovative design techniques, building materials, sustainability practices, urban planning, and the social and cultural impact of architecture.