Acetylation is a biological process in which an acetyl functional group is added to a molecule, typically a protein or a histone. This modification plays a crucial role in regulating gene expression, protein stability, and other cellular processes. Acetylation is carried out by enzymes known as acetyltransferases, and can be reversed by enzymes called deacetylases. Dysregulation of acetylation has been linked to various diseases, including cancer and neurodegenerative disorders. Research in the field of acetylation aims to better understand the molecular mechanisms underlying this process and its implications for health and disease. This area of study also involves developing new therapeutic strategies targeting acetylation pathways.