KMap
William Montfort received BS and PhD degrees in Chemistry (Biochemistry emphasis) from Oakland University (1980) and the University of Texas (1985). His graduate studies, with Prof. Jon Robertus, led to the crystal structure of ricin. In his postdoctoral studies, with Prof. Robert Stroud at the University of California, San Francisco, he determined crystal structures of anticancer drug target thymidylate synthase. He moved to the University of Arizona in 1989, where he established a laboratory focused on protein structure/function and founded the X-ray crystallography facility. He is now Professor of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Director of the NIH-funded Biological Chemistry Graduate Program and Co-Lead for Clinical and Translational Oncology Program in the Cancer Center.
Courses
  • B
    Biochemistry

  • NAM
    Nucleic Acids, Metabolism, and Signaling

  • BSI
    Biological Structure I

  • BS
    Biological Structure 1

  • MB
    Metabolic Biochemistry

Student Thesis/Dissertation
  • Structural and Biochemical Studies of DYRK1A Kinase

    2023

    doctoral
  • Developing a screen to discover novel mRNA 3’-UTR-mediated scaffolding of protein- protein interactors

    2022

    bachelors
  • Functional Expression of Organic Cation Transporters at the Blood-Brain Barrier: Relevance to the Treatment of Ischemic Stroke

    2022

    bachelors
  • MECHANISMS UNDERLYING THE PROTECTIVE EFFECT OF GLYCOLYSIS

    2022

    bachelors
  • Determining CD47 Structure and Discerning Function to Understand Signal Transduction Mechanism

    2021

    doctoral
  • Allosteric Regulation of Soluble Guanylyl Cyclase: The Nitric Oxide Receptor

    2018

    doctoral
  • X-Ray Crystallographic Studies of Dyrk1a, a Kinase Linked to Down Syndrome

    2017

    bachelors
  • Uncovering Signal Transduction in Blood Pressure Regulation by Nitric Oxide

    2017

    bachelors
  • Mass Spectrometry: Toward Elucidating the Biosignature of Coccidioidomycosis and Insights into Surface Induced Dissociation of Biologically Relevant Carbohydrates

    2016

    doctoral
  • Angiotensin-(1-7) as an Antinociceptive Agent in Cancer-Induced Bone Pain

    2015

    bachelors
  • Structural Studies of Thioredoxin S-nitrosation and Detection of Protein S-nitrosothiols by Phosphine Derivatization

    2014

    doctoral
  • The Mechanism of Allosteric Regulation in Soluble Guanylate Cyclase

    2014

    doctoral
Grants
  • Funding agency logo
    A Nutrition and Exercise Prehabilitation Intervention on Inflammatory Biomarkers in American Indian Cancer Patients

    Key Personnel (KP)

    2023

    $271.6K
    Active
  • Funding agency logo
    Establishing a Pleiotropic Brain-Penetrant Small-Molecule to Impede Glioblastoma

    Co-Investigator (COI)

    2023

    $180.7K
    Active
  • Funding agency logo
    DYRK1A Inhibition as a Novel Treatment Approach for Alzheimer's Disease

    Co-Investigator (COI)

    2020

    $3.0M
    Active
  • Funding agency logo
    Chemistry-Biology Interface Training Program

    Principal Investigator (PI)

    2019

    $1.5M
    Active
  • Funding agency logo
    Addressing Breast Cancer Health Disparities in American Indians through Translational and Dissemination/Implementation Science (Diversity Supplement for Dr. Jennifer Erdrich - Cost Extension)

    Key Personnel (KP)

    2019

    $346.2K
    Active
  • Funding agency logo
    Structure and Stimulator Binding Mechanism of the Nitric Oxide Receptor, Soluble Guanylate Cyclase

    Key Personnel (KP)

    2017

    $106.8K
  • Funding agency logo
    University of Arizona Cancer Center - Cancer Center Support Grant

    Key Personnel (KP)

    2016

    $26.3M
  • Funding agency logo
    Soluble Guanylate Cyclase: A Therapeutic Target for Cardiovascular Pathology

    Co-Investigator (COI)

    2016

    $50.3K
  • Funding agency logo
    Nitric Oxide Signaling in Health and Disease

    Principal Investigator (PI)

    2015

    $1.4M
  • Funding agency logo
    Chemistry-Biology Interface Training Program

    Principal Investigator (PI)

    2014

    $1.1M
News
  • Researchers Paving the Way for New Heart Disease Treatments

    2008

  • Spotlight on Teaching: Wells Gives Students 3-D Understanding of Molecules

    2000

Publications (136)
Recent
  • Sorting nexin-dependent therapeutic targeting of oncogenic epidermal growth factor receptor

    2023

  • Abstract P5-10-08: Inflammation drives NOS2-Akt2 signaling in triple negative breast cancer

    2022

  • Solution structures of the Shewanella woodyi H‐NOX protein in the presence and absence of soluble guanylyl cyclase stimulator IWP‐051

    2021

  • Resolving CD47 Structure and Function to Understand Signal Transduction Mechanism

    2020

  • SOLUTION STRUCTURE OF THE IWP-051-BOUND H-NOX FROM SHEWANELLA WOODYI REVEALS A CONSERVED BINDING POCKET FOR SOLUBLE GUANYLYL CYCLASE STIMULATORS

    2019

  • Instability in a coiled‐coil signaling helix is conserved for signal transduction in soluble guanylyl cyclase

    2019

  • Method for detecting crosslinked peptides via reproducible fragmentation in a mass spectrometer

    2019

  • Underlying molecular alterations in human dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase deficiency revealed by structural analyses of disease-causing enzyme variants

    2019

  • Unloading the left ventricle before reperfusion in patients with anterior ST-segment–elevation myocardial infarction: a pilot study using the Impella CP

    2019

  • Detectable IgG against a Cimex lectularius allergen after a report of bed bug bites among NYC children

    2019

  • How stimulator compounds and nitric oxide bind and stimulate soluble guanylyl cyclase GC1)

    2019

  • Novel nitric oxide-liberating heme proteins from the saliva of bloodsucking insects

    2018

  • Discovery of stimulator binding to a conserved pocket in the heme domain of soluble guanylyl cyclase

    2018

  • MetaUniDec: high-throughput deconvolution of native mass spectra

    2018

  • Blocking “don't eat me” signal of CD47-SIRPα in hematological malignancies, an in-depth review

    2018

  • Characterizing the CD47/TSP-1 Signaling Axis

    2018

  • A sporadic case of severe peripheral neuropathy expands the phenotypic range of TUBB2A mutations.

    2017

  • Structure and Activation of Soluble Guanylyl Cyclase, the Nitric Oxide Sensor

    2016

  • Localizing Stimulator Binding to the beta 1 H-NOX Domain of Soluble Guanylate Cyclase

    2016

  • Determining Nitric Oxide‐induced Conformational Changes in Soluble Guanylate Cyclase using Lanthanide‐based Resonance Energy Transfer

    2016

  • Uncovering Stimulator Binding Mechanism to Soluble Guanylyl Cyclase by Solution NMR

    2016

  • Heat shock protein 90 associates with the Per-Arnt-Sim domain of heme-free soluble guanylate cyclase: implications for enzyme maturation

    2015

  • Dimerization of nitrophorin 4 at low pH and comparison to the K1A mutant of nitrophorin 1

    2015

  • Development of IgE against a Cimex lectularius allergen after being bitten by bed bugs was common among children in NYC

    2014

  • YC-1 binding to the β subunit of soluble guanylyl cyclase overcomes allosteric inhibition by the α subunit

    2014

  • Evolution in an ancient detoxification pathway is coupled with a transition to herbivory in the drosophilidae

    2014

  • Molecular model of a soluble guanylyl cyclase fragment determined by small-angle X-ray scattering and chemical cross-linking

    2013

  • YC‑1 Binding to the β Subunit of Soluble Guanylyl Cyclase Overcomes Allosteric Inhibition by the α Subunit

    2013

  • pH-dependent picosecond structural dynamics in the distal pocket of nitrophorin 4 investigated by 2D IR spectroscopy

    2013

  • Structural Studies of Thioredoxin S-nitrosation and Detection of Protein S-nitrosothiols by Phosphine Derivatization

    2013

  • Crystal structure of the Alpha subunit PAS domain from soluble guanylyl cyclase

    2013

  • Rational reprogramming of fungal polyketide first-ring cyclization

    2013

  • Nitric Oxide Signaling with Heme Proteins

    2012

  • Structural and Functional Studies on the Nitric Oxide Receptor: YC-1 Binding to the PAS Domain of Soluble Guanylate Cyclase

    2012

  • Thrombospondin-1 Binding to CD47 in the Regulation of Nitric Oxide Signaling

    2012

  • IgE against bed bug Cimex lectularius) allergens is common among adults bitten by bed bugs

    2012

  • Distal pocket and belt side chain effects on the stabilization of the ferric-NO heme center of the Nitrophorins of Rhodnius prolixus

    2011

  • Oxidation and Loss of Heme in Soluble Guanylyl Cyclase from Manduca sexta

    2011

  • Crystal structures of multicopper oxidase CueO bound to copper I) and silver I) functional role of a methionine-rich sequence

    2011

  • Thrombospondin-1 and angiotensin II inhibit soluble guanylyl cyclase through an increase in intracellular calcium concentration

    2011

  • The Reaction of HNO Donors with Heme Proteins

    2010

  • Activation mechanism of soluble guanylate cyclase: New insights from the resonance Raman studies of a truncated insect protein

    2010

  • Model for Truncated Soluble Guanylate Cyclase by Negative Stain Electron Microscopy: 384

    2010

  • Ultrafast dynamics of diatomic ligand binding to nitrophorin 4

    2010

  • Investigating shape and mechanism of soluble guanylate cyclase: 383

    2010

  • Crystal structure of human thioredoxin revealing an unraveled helix and exposed S‐nitrosation site

    2010

  • NM23-H2 may play an indirect role in transcriptional activation of c-myc gene expression but does not cleave the nuclease hypersensitive element III1NM23-H2 and c-Myc Activation

    2009

  • Crystal structure of the bacterial luciferase/flavin complex provides insight into the function of the β subunit

    2009

  • NITRIC OXIDE SIGNALING IN BLOOD‐SUCKING INSECTS, HORNWORMS AND HUMANS

    2009

  • Effect of mutation of carboxyl side-chain amino acids near the heme on the midpoint potentials and ligand binding constants of nitrophorin 2 and its NO, histamine, and …

    2009

  • A New Use for a Familiar Fold: The X-ray Crystal Structure of GTP-Bound GTP Cyclohydrolase III from Methanocaldococcus jannaschii Reveals a Two Metal Ion Catalytic …

    2008

  • N15 Cro and λ Cro: Orthologous DNA‐binding domains with completely different but equally effective homodimer interfaces

    2008

  • Allostery in recombinant soluble guanylyl cyclase from Manduca sexta

    2008

  • Low-frequency mode activity of heme: femtosecond coherence spectroscopy of iron porphine halides and nitrophorin

    2008

  • Transitive homology-guided structural studies lead to discovery of Cro proteins with 40% sequence identity but different folds

    2008

  • Binding of YC-1 or BAY 41-2272 to soluble guanylyl cyclase induces a geminate phase in CO photolysis

    2008

  • Role of an invariant lysine residue in folate binding on Escherichia coli thymidylate synthase: calorimetric and crystallographic analysis of the K48Q mutant

    2008

  • X-ray Structure of Cerulean GFP: A Tryptophan-Based Chromophore Useful for Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging,

    2007

  • Apo‐nitrophorin 4 at atomic resolution

    2007

  • Buried S-Nitrosocysteine Revealed in Crystal Structures of Human Thioredoxin,

    2007

  • S-nitrosylation-induced conformational change in blackfin tuna myoglobin

    2007

  • Nonequilibrium dynamics simulations of nitric oxide release: comparative study of nitrophorin and myoglobin

    2007

  • Assignment of the Ferriheme Resonances of the Low-Spin Complexes of Nitrophorins 1 and 4 by 1H and 13C NMR Spectroscopy: Comparison to Structural Data …

    2007

  • Microsystems for UV-visible and x-ray analysis of protein crystals

    2007

  • O19. Crystal structures of S-nitrosated thioredoxin

    2006

  • Structural characterization of R. prolixus nitrophorin 4 by UV and visible resonance Raman spectroscopy

    2006

  • O11. HNO donors and heme proteins

    2006

  • Crystal structures of thymidylate synthase mutant R166Q: structural basis for the nearly complete loss of catalytic activity

    2006

  • SYMPOSIUM LECTURES-Nitrosyl heme and S-nitrosation in nitric oxide signaling

    2006

  • Structure of the Y94F mutant of Escherichia coli thymidylate synthase

    2006

  • P062. NO and GSNO stimulation of recombinant soluble guanylate cyclase from Manduca sexta

    2006

  • A Novel Copper-Binding Fold for the Periplasmic Copper Resistance Protein CusF,

    2005

  • 5, 10-Methylene-5, 6, 7, 8-tetrahydrofolate conformational transitions upon binding to thymidylate synthase: molecular mechanics and continuum solvent studies

    2005

  • Ultrahigh Resolution Structures of Nitrophorin 4: Heme Distortion in Ferrous CO and NO Complexes,

    2005

  • Heme-assisted S-nitrosation of a proximal thiolate in a nitric oxide transport protein

    2005

  • Loodynamics and function in nitrophorin 4

    2004

  • Resonance Raman spectroscopic study of nitrophorin 2 from Rhodnius prolixus kissing bug and its mutants

    2004

  • Cuprous Oxidase Activity of CueO from Escherichia coli

    2004

  • Protein and ligand induced heme distortion in the nitrophorins

    2004

  • Role of Binding Site Loops in Controlling Nitric Oxide Release: Structure and Kinetics of Mutant Forms of Nitrophorin 4,

    2004

  • Axial ligand complexes of the Rhodnius nitrophorins: reduction potentials, binding constants, EPR spectra, and structures of the 4-iodopyrazole and imidazole …

    2004

  • Structural dynamics controls nitric oxide affinity in nitrophorin 4

    2004

  • HEME DEFORMATION AND A NOVEL HEME-ASSISTED NITROSILATION OF A THIOLATE LIGAND IN NITROPHORINS FROM BLOOD-SUCKING INSECTS

    2004

  • Heme ruffling in nitrophorin 4, a NO transport protein from Rhodnius prolixus

    2004

  • Protein Functional Cycle Viewed at Atomic Resolution: Conformational Change and Mobility in Nitrophorin 4 as a Function of pH and NO Binding,

    2004

  • Cimex lectularius nitrophorin characterized by resonance Raman spectroscopy

    2004

  • Nitric oxide transport by blood-sucking insects: Structure and dynamics

    2003

  • A labile regulatory copper ion lies near the T1 copper site in the multicopper oxidase CueO

    2003

  • Complementing thymidylate synthase

    2003

  • Redox potential of human thioredoxin 1 and identification of a second dithiol/disulfide motif

    2003

  • Nitrophorins: Lipocalin‐based heme proteins transporting nitric oxide

    2002

  • Crystal structure and electron transfer kinetics of CueO, a multicopper oxidase required for copper homeostasis in Escherichia coli

    2002

  • Blocking ligand escape with a stochastic gate in nitrophorin-NO complex

    2002

  • INSECT Rhodnius prolixus

    2001

  • Spectroelectrochemical studies of nitrophorin mutants: The importance of the carboxylates near the heme.

    2001

  • Ligand-Induced Heme Ruffling and Bent NO Geometry in Ultra-High-Resolution Structures of Nitrophorin 4,

    2001

  • Resonance Raman Spectroscopic Study of Nitrophorin 1, a Nitric Oxide-Binding Heme Protein from Rhodnius prolixus, and Its Nitrosyl and Cyano Adducts

    2001

  • Properties and biological activities of thioredoxins

    2001

  • Nitric oxide transport by a blood-sucking insect: Nitrophorin structure, dynamics, and distal pocket burial

    2000

  • Nitric oxide binding to nitrophorin 4 induces complete distal pocket burial

    2000

  • The crystal structure of Nitrophorin 2: A trifunctional antihemostatic protein from the saliva of Rhodnius prolixus

    2000

  • Kinetics and equilibria in ligand binding by nitrophorins 1− 4: Evidence for stabilization of a nitric oxide− ferriheme complex through a ligand-induced conformational trap

    2000

  • The nitric oxide-releasing heme proteins from the saliva of the blood-sucking insect Rhodnius prolixus

    2000

  • α-Cyclodextrin extracts diacylglycerol from insect high density lipoproteins

    2000

  • THE NITRIC OXIDE-RELEASING HEME PROTEINS

    2000

  • Structure and reactivity of nitrophorins from a blood-sucking insect

    1999

  • Structural, spectroscopic and electrochemical comparison of three of the four nitrophorins NO-releasing heme proteins) from the saliva of the blood-sucking insect, Rhodnius …

    1999

  • In vivo inhibition of histamine-induced vascular leaks with kissing bug R prolixus) salivary protein NP4.

    1999

  • Nitric oxide binding to the ferri-and ferroheme states of nitrophorin 1, a reversible NO-binding heme protein from the saliva of the blood-sucking insect, Rhodnius prolixus

    1999

  • Crystal Structures of Rat Thymidylate Synthase Inhibited by Tomudex, a Potent Anticancer Drug,

    1999

  • Mode of action of site-directed irreversible folate analogue inhibitors of thymidylate synthase

    1998

  • Crystal structures of a nitric oxide transport protein from a blood-sucking insect

    1998

  • The crystal structure of nitrophorin 4 at 1.5 Å resolution: transport of nitric oxide by a lipocalin-based heme protein

    1998

  • Human Thioredoxin Homodimers: Regulation by pH, Role of Aspartate 60, and Crystal Structure of the Aspartate 60 → Asparagine Mutant,

    1997

  • Use of strain in a stereospecific catalytic mechanism: crystal structures of Escherichia coli thymidylate synthase bound to FdUMP and methylenetetrahydrofolate

    1997

  • Reversible no-carrying heme proteins from the saliva of bloodsucking insects.

    1997

  • Nitric Oxide Binding and Crystallization of Recombinant Nitrophorin I, a Nitric Oxide Transport Protein from the Blood-Sucking Bug Rhodnius prolixus

    1997

  • Thymidylate synthase: structure, inhibition, and strained conformations during catalysis

    1997

  • Crystal structures of a marginally active thymidylate synthase mutant, Arg 126→ Glu

    1997

  • Oxidative inactivation of thioredoxin as a cellular growth factor and protection by a Cys73→ Ser mutation

    1996

  • Crystal structures of reduced, oxidized, and mutated human thioredoxins: evidence for a regulatory homodimer

    1996

  • Promotion of purine nucleotide binding to thymidylate synthase by a potent folate analogue inhibitor, 1843U89.

    1995

  • Ligand-induced distortion of an active site in thymidylate synthase upon binding anticancerdrug 1843U89

    1995

  • Characterization of a specific interaction between Escherichia coli thymidylate synthase and Escherichia coli thymidylate synthase …

    1995

  • Crystal structure of thymidylate synthase from T4 phage: component of a deoxynucleoside triphosphate-synthesizing complex

    1994

  • Binding by Thymidylate Synthase1

    1990

  • Structure, multiple site binding, and segmental accommodation in thymidylate synthase on binding dUMP and an anti-folate

    1990

  • Pairwise specificity and sequential binding in enzyme catalysis: thymidylate synthase

    1990

  • Segmental accommodation: A novel conformational change induced upon ligand binding by thymidylate synthase

    1990

  • Plastic adaptation toward mutations in proteins: structural comparison of thymidylate synthases

    1990

  • The three-dimensional structure of ricin at 2.8 A.

    1987

  • Atomic structure of thymidylate synthase: target for rational drug design

    1987

  • X-ray crystallographic studies on the toxic protein ricin

    1985

  • Coordination chemistry of alkali and alkaline earth cations: Synthesis and X-ray crystal structure of cesium picrate)benzo-15-crown-5) Cs+ C 6 H 2 N 3 O 7−(C 14 H 20 O 5)

    1985

  • THE X-RAY STRUCTURE OF RICIN AND IMPLICATIONS FOR IMMUNOTOXIN DESIGN

    1984

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