Total knee arthroplasty, also known as total knee replacement, is a surgical procedure in which a damaged or arthritic knee joint is replaced with an artificial prosthesis. This procedure is typically performed to relieve severe knee pain and improve mobility and function in patients with advanced arthritis or knee injuries. During total knee arthroplasty, the damaged surfaces of the knee joint are removed and replaced with metal and plastic components that mimic the natural movement of the knee. The surgery is usually performed under general anesthesia and involves a hospital stay of a few days, followed by a period of rehabilitation to regain strength and range of motion in the knee. Total knee arthroplasty has been shown to be a highly effective treatment for severe knee arthritis, with the majority of patients experiencing significant pain relief and improved function after surgery. However, like all surgical procedures, total knee arthroplasty carries risks and potential complications, and patients should carefully weigh the benefits and risks of the procedure with their healthcare provider before deciding to undergo surgery.