Surface composition refers to the types and amounts of elements, compounds, and molecules present on the outermost layer of a material or object. This area of research involves studying the chemical and physical properties of materials at their surfaces, often using techniques such as spectroscopy, microscopy, and chemical analysis. Understanding surface composition is important in fields such as materials science, chemistry, physics, and engineering, as it can influence the reactivity, corrosion resistance, adhesion, and other properties of a material. Researchers in this area aim to manipulate and control surface composition to optimize the performance of materials in various applications.