Species interaction refers to the relationships and interactions between different species within an ecosystem. These interactions can be categorized into various types, such as competition, predation, mutualism, parasitism, and commensalism. Understanding species interactions is crucial for ecologists to study the dynamics of ecosystems and how they are affected by changes in species populations, habitats, and environmental conditions. This research area helps to elucidate the complex web of relationships between species and how they influence the overall biodiversity and stability of ecosystems.