Space radiation refers to the high-energy particles and electromagnetic radiation found in outer space. These particles come from sources like the sun, cosmic rays, and other celestial bodies. Exposure to space radiation can pose serious health risks to astronauts, such as an increased risk of cancer, cataracts, and degenerative diseases. Research in this area focuses on developing ways to mitigate these risks, such as shielding materials and medical countermeasures, as well as understanding the long-term effects of space radiation on the human body. Additionally, this research is important for planning and designing safe space missions, especially as interest in long-duration missions to the moon and Mars continues to grow.