The Southwestern U.S. and many other arid and semiarid regions around the world face serious water shortages that are projected to have paramount adverse impacts on irrigated agriculture and to jeopardize the livelihood of growers and entire rural communities. Today, many farmers still rely on their intuition and experience to manage irrigation, which often errs on the side of caution with excess water being applied. This practice not only depletes precious water resources, but also contributes to water quality deterioration through the release of various agrochemicals into surface- and groundwater bodies, causing public health concerns. In response to this worldwide water crisis that is expected to further escalate in view of the rapidly growing human population, and the urgent need to sustainably secure and more efficiently use water to produce food, we aim to develop transformative remote sensing techniques and models for the near real-time estimation of crop water consumption to provide decision support for farm-level precision irrigation management. This will not only lead to a significant increase in water use efficiency across cropping systems and a quantifiable contribution to water conservation, but also to a reduction of the environmental footprint of irrigated agriculture.